ESTEQUIOMETRIA


                                                          Datos         Calcular
                                                             g        -        g
                                                           Mol      -      mol
                                                           Mol      -        g
                                                            g        -      Mol
                                                                  
                                                                  gramos – gramos

1.- Se balancea la ecuación:
         3 Cu+ 8HNO3 à 3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NO + 3S + 4H2O
2.- se calcula el gramo de cada compuesto:
               CuS                                                   HNO3                                         Cu (NO3)2
Cu: 63.55 * 1 = 63.55 g                      H: 1.01 * 1 = 1.01 g                   Cu: 63.55 * 1 = 63.55 g
S:   32.07 * 1 = 32.07 g                      N:    14 * 1 =    14 g                   N:        14 * 2 =      28 g
                         95.62 g                      O:   16 * 3 =    48 g                    O:       16 * 6 =     96  g
                        *         3                                            63.01 g                                                  187.55 g
                      286.86 g                                            *        8                                         *          3
                                                                               504.08 g                                      562.65 g
                               
          NO                                                      S                                                   H2O
N: 14 * 1 = 14 g                                S: 32.07 * 1 = 32.07 g                      H: 1. 01 * 2 = 2.02 g
O: 16 * 1 = 16 g                                                        *       3                      O:     16 * 1 =    16 g
                  30 g                                                      96.21 g                                           18.02 g
                  * 2                                                                                                                *        4
                  60 g                                                                                                             72.08 g

3.- Calcular la masa en gramos de todas las sustancias cuando se obtienen 200 gr  de azufre a partir de esa reacción.
         CuS – S                                 HNO3 – S                                      Cu (NO3)2 - S                                     
286.86 g - 96.21g                      504. 08 g - 96.21 g                         562.65 g - 96.21 g
     X       - 200 g                       X        - 200 g                                  X        - 200 g
X= 286gCuS*200gS/96.21gS    X = 504.08g HNO3*200g/36.21g    X=562.65g*200gS/96.21gS
Χ = 596.32 g CuS                    X = 1047.87 g HNO3                      X = 1169.62 g Cu (NO3)2

NO – S                                                  H2O
60 g - 96.21 g                                 72.08 g - 96.21 g
    X - 200 g                                    X      - 200 g
X = 60gNO*200g/96.21g               X = 72.08g H2O*200g/96.21g
X = 124.72 g NO                           X = 149.83 g H2O




Mol – mol

4.- Calcular las moles de todas las sustancias cuando se hacen reaccionar 5 moles de ácido Nítrico (HNO3).
CuS – HNO3                                 Cu (NO3)2 – HNO3                                  NO – HNO3
3 mol - 8 mol                                 3 mol - 8 mol                                         2 mol - 8 mol
      X - 5 mol                                        X - 5 mol                                               X - 5 mol
X =3mol*5mol/8mol                    X =3mol*5mol/8mol                                 X =2mol*5mol/8mol
X = 1.87 mol CuS                        X = 1.87 mol Cu (NO3)2                           X = 1.25 mol NO

S - HNO3                                                             H2O - HNO3
3 mol - 8 mol                                                       4 mol - 8 mol
      X - 5 moles                                                    X - 5 mol
X = 3mol S*5mol HNO3/8mol HNO3                    X = 4mol H2O*5mol HNO3/8mol HNO3
X = 1.87 mol S                                                     X = 2.5 mol H2O













Mol – gramos
4.- Calcular la masa en gramos de todas las sustancias cuando se obtienen o-5 moles de clorato de sodio (NaClO4)
                     632.16 g    271.32 g    36.04 g               367.32 g    347.76 g   224.44 g

-------------4 KMnO4 + 3 NaClO2 + 2 H2O                3 NaClO4 + 4 MnO4 + 4 KOH

KMnO4 – NaClO4                              NaClO2 - NaClO4                           H2O - NaClO4 
632.16 g - 3 mol                               271.32 g - 3 mol                           36.04 gH2O - 3 mol
           X - 0.5 mol                                        X - 0.5 mol                                         X -0.5mol
X =632.16g*0.5mol/3mol           X =271.32g/0.5g/3 mol                     X = 36.04g*0.5mol/3mol
X = 105.36 g KMnO4                       X = 45.22 g NaClO2                      X = 6.006 g H2O

MnO2  - NaClO4                                  KOH - NaClO4
347.76 - 3 mol                                  224.44 g - 3 mol
        X - 0.5 mol                                         X - 0.5 mol
X = 347.76g*0.5mol/3mol            X = 224gKOH*0.5molNaClO4/3 mol
X = 57.96 g MnO2                             X = 37.40 g KOH





Gramos – mol

5.- Calcular las moles de todas las sustancias cuando se hacen reaccionar 870 g de H2O .
KMnO4  - H2O                                        NaClO2 - H2O                               H2O - NaClO4
4 mol – 36.04 g                                      3 mol – 36.04 g                            3 mol – 36.04 g
      X – 870 g                                             X – 870 g                                     X – 870 g
X =4mol KMnO4*870gH2O/36.04gH2O    X =3mol*870g/36.04g             X = 3mol*870g/36.04g
X = 96.55 mol KMnO4                 X = 72.41 mol NaClO20                   X = 72.41 mol NaClO4

H2O – MnO2                                           H2O– KOH
4 mol – 36.04 g                                      4 mol – 36.04 g
      X – 870 g                                          X – 870 g
X = 4mol MnO2*870gH2O/36.04gH2O     X = 4 mol KOH*870gH2O/36.04gH2O  
X = 96.55 mol MnO2                               X = 96.55 mol KOH


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